Molecular Marker Assisted Backcross Development and Evaluation of an Environmentally Friendly, Commercially Acceptable Low Seed Phytate Soybean

Author

Jeffrey David Boehm Jr., University of Tennessee - KnoxvilleFollow

Date of Award

8-2014

Degree Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science

Major

Plant Sciences

Major Professor

Vincent R. Pantalone

Committee Members

Dean Kopsell, Forbes Walker, Hem Bhandari

Abstract

Soybean [Glycine max (L). Merrill] is the world’s top oilseed crop. High protein soymeal is a primary soybean use and staple food of livestock and fish. The storage form of phosphorus (P) in the seed is phytic acid, or phytate [myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6 hexakisphosphate] which binds and chelates key nutritional cations forming stable salts that are non-digestible. Livestock waste laden with phytate P is an environmental concern, and a source of nonpoint P pollution causing eutrophication and surface water quality deterioration. The primary objective of this research was the development of a commercially acceptable low phytate (LP) soybean line which would enhance nutritional qualities of soymeal and sustainably lessen P pollution. The LP soybean lines evaluated in this study were twelve BC₅ [5^th generation backcross] derived lines from their recurrent parent ‘5601T’, a high yielding University of Tennessee developed cultivar. The presence of the two LP loci in all twelve BC₅ derived lines was confirmed using perfect SNP [single nucleotide polymorphism] molecular markers near the confirmed QTL [quantitative trait loci] cqPha-001 and cqPha-002.

In 2012, a field trial using a randomized complete block design with two replications was grown at two locations in two row plots to evaluate the agronomic performance of 10 BC₅ LP lines in comparison to their parents 5601T, TN09-239, and high yield check cultivars; the study was repeated in 2013, evaluating 12 BC₅ LP lines in four row plots in two locations and in two row plots in a third location with three replications per location. Data analyzed using SAS version 9.3 revealed that the yields of four BC₅ LP lines, 56CX-1273 (4107 kg ha^-1 [kilograms per hectare]), 56CX-1274 (4137 kg ha^-1 ), 56CX-1277 (4112 kg ha^-1) and 56CX-1282 (4160 kg ha^-1), were not significantly different (p>0.05) than that of 5601T (4227 kg ha^-1) and also were numerically better than the yield of current USDA Maturity Group V check ‘Osage’ (4089 kg ha^-1). These results indicate that LP trait introgression to those four BC₅ LP lines did not have detrimental effects on yield and one of the lines may be considered for a cultivar or germplasm release.

Recommended Citation

Boehm, Jeffrey David Jr., "Molecular Marker Assisted Backcross Development and Evaluation of an Environmentally Friendly, Commercially Acceptable Low Seed Phytate Soybean. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2014.
https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/2795