Masters Theses

Date of Award

8-1981

Degree Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science

Major

Textiles and Clothing

Major Professor

Leona Kocher

Committee Members

Tyrone Vigo, H. Alan Lasater

Abstract

The thermal and physical properties of reactive dyed cotton fabric were investigated, and the results were compared among the dyed fabrics, as well as to those properties exhibited by undyed cotton fabrics. A 2 X 2 X 2 factorial design was used to evaluate the effects of dye type, dye concentration, and method of dye combination on temperature at onset of thermal degradation, degradation peak temperature, and heat of decom-position. A 2 X 2 X 2 factorial design was used to evaluate the effects of dye type, dye concentration, and fabric direction on breaking tenacity, breaking extension, wrinkle recovery, and flexural rigidity. A 2 X 2 factorial design was used to evaluate the effect of dye type and dye concentration on moisture content and moisture regain; fiber swelling; and fiber breaking tenacity, breaking elongation, and initial modulus. The reactive dyed cotton fabrics included both a monochlorotriazinyl and dichlorotriazinyl structure (Procion H and MX, respectively); two dye concentrations (1 and 4%); all of one color (Brilliant Blue). Testing was carried out through use of a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), Instron tester, Monsanto wrinkle recovery method, Shirley stiffness tester, and methods developed for this study to measure moisture content, moisture regain, and fiber swelling.

The DSC findings revealed onset of degradation began at lower temperatures for the bifunctional dye and for fabrics dyed at a 4% con-centration. Increasing dye concentration also resulted in lower degradation peak temperatures, especially with the bifunctional dyes. Heat of decomposition was affected only by the method in which the dye was combined with the fabric (via chemical or physical means) with the physical combinations requiring slightly less energy to decompose than the chemical combinations. The undyed fabrics were found to degrade at higher temperatures than the dyed fabrics. There were no differences in heat of decomposition between dyed and undyed fabrics.

The results of the physical tests revealed that the property of fabric wrinkle recovery is improved by increasing dye concentration. Any effects due to the presence of dyes in fabric tensile properties or flexural rigidity were overshadowed by the dominant effects of fabric direction. Initial modulus of fibers removed from dyed fabrics was lowered by the effect of the bifunctional dye as compared to the mono-functional dye or the absence of dye. Breaking tenacity and elongation of the fibers were found to be affected by the presence of dye, although the source of this effect was not determined. There were no differences in the amount of swelling of fibers removed from any of the dyed or undyed fabrics. Moisture sorption properties of the fabrics were also relatively unaffected by the presence of dye, although a useful procedure for evaluation of these properties was developed.

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