Doctoral Dissertations

Date of Award

8-1992

Degree Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy

Major

Education

Major Professor

Patricia Beitel

Committee Members

Charles Thompson, William Calhoun, Joy Desensi

Abstract

This study was designed to determine the relative effectiveness of a group centered and combined group/individualized psychological training program on state anxiety factors and game performance for closed and open skills of a top 10 nationally ranked NCAA Division I women's basketball team. State anxiety was measured by the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (Martens, Vealey, and Bump, 1990). The closed skill, foul shooting was measured by foul shooting percentage. The open skills were measured by: (a) field goal percentage; (b) points per minute played; (c) rebounds per minute played; (d) steals per minute played; (e) turnovers per minute played; and (f) fouls per minute played.

Data were collected during the pre-season, regular season, and post season play across a 20 week time period including 11 blocks of 3 games and one block of 2 games. There were 7 athletes in the group centered program and 3 athletes in the combined/collaborative program. A multiple baseline time series design and a single subject design were employed to evaluate the results. Based on a Group x Block ANOVA, with athletes nested in group, planned contrasts were used to compare the two intervention programs on the state anxiety and basketball performance measures. The foul shooting program was evaluated by a time series analysis with planned contrasts in an ABABAB multiple baseline across subjects design. A single subject design across behaviors for each of the three subjects in the individualized collaborative program was employed to analyze the data.

The findings suggested that: (a) foul shooting performance can be significantly enhanced through the use of a mental and physical training program; (b) the group and collaborative individualized programs significantly effected cognitive and somatic anxiety in a positive direction; and (c) the collaborative individualized program produced significantly greater results on self-confidence and rebounding as compared to the group program. In addition, for athletes in the combined program there were patterns of performance of the remaining open skills which were similar in real world importance, but not as statistically strong as rebounds per minute.

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