Cognitive ability and Myers-Briggs Type Indicator preferences as predictors of group performance : an empirical study

This study examined the relationship between the performance of work teams and the cognitive ability and Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) preferences of the individuals composing these teams. Specifically, the level of cognitive ability, the heterogeneity of cognitive ability, as well as the amount and heterogeneity of the scales of the MBTI were hypothesized to be predictive of the quantity and quality of production on a team work simulation task. Additional hypotheses predicted that individual cognitive ability and MBTI scores would be related to assessment center ratings of team skills behavior. Candidates for employment (n=579) at a new manufacturing facility completed a cognitive ability test battery and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, and were then assigned to 4-person groups (n=118.) They completed an assessment center exercise involving production of automobile headlight assemblies. Group performance was measured by the number of units produced and the number of error-free units. Team skills ratings of individuals were also obtained. Group production was strongly correlated with the average level of cognitive ability of group members. Cognitive ability also predicted individual team skills ratings. MBTI scales were unrelated to group performance. MBTI Extraversion and Intuition predicted team skills ratings of individuals. These findings have implications for group performance theories and for selection strategies for work teams.