Development of a tractor driving simulator: a training device to aid in reducing rollover fatalities

The objectives of this project were to develop a tractor dri\-mg simulator that would teach tractor operators the need for ROPS, and serve as a tool for controlled research on operator responses to various system and terrain configurations. A tractor driving simulator was designed and constructed to satisfy these requirements. This thesis focused upon the design, construction, and evaluation of the simulator's operator station, visual feedback system, sound system, and instructor station. The tractor driving simulator developed was functional and exhibited many characteristics of a real tractor. As a training tool, operators can safely "drive" a simulated tractor through simulated conditions and safely maneuver the simulator through hazardous conditions and occasionally experience tractor rollovers. As a research device, operator actions are both observable and recordable. The simulator was comprised of two basic components: an operator's station and an instructor's station. The operator's station, where students were positioned during simulation runs, was designed to conform to an actual tractor cab. The instructor's station included electronic system controls and video recorders. It provided control over the visual inputs to the operator's station and provided the hardware necessary to monitor and record the operator's actions during simulation runs. From the recorded data, operator performance in the simulator was analyzed. From the operator's position, manipulation of the steering, throttle, gear selector, brake, and clutch produced changes in engine sound and apparent position, as seen through a video display mounted in front of the operator's station. "Out-the-window" views from the simulator are very nearly the same as a real tractor. Steering and motor performance closely match what might be expected from a real tractor at low speeds. The overall evaluation of initial tests conducted on the simulator were positive in that subjects were able to operate the simulator and components functioned properly.