Implementation of a Nutrition Education Module in an Elementary School System in Belize

BACKGROUND: Diabetes rates are growing at a concerningly increased rate globally. There is a direct link between diet choices and the rates of diabetes. Pediatric rates specifically are increasing with access to more processed, sugary foods. Current evidence suggests educating students on nutrition increases their knowledge and leads to healthier diet choices.

LOCAL PROBLEM: The setting of this practice improvement project was a rural elementary school consisting of grades 2 through 8 situated right outside the city of San Ignacio, Belize. Most of the students attending are of mestizo ethnicity. There was no standard education curriculum regarding nutrition. Current studies recommended implementation of a curriculum with hands-on activities to improve students’ knowledge. The purpose of this project was to increase the student’s knowledge regarding nutrition in their respective ages with the aim to increase it by 30%.

METHODS: The Evidence-Based Practice Improvement (EBPI) model was the framework for modeling this project. Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles were utilized to develop and adapt chosen interventions. Pre- and post-test scores were recorded as data and measured for change in nutritional knowledge.

INTERVENTIONS: Three educational modules were provided consisting of a PowerPoint and hands-on activities to reinforce learning. All material was provided in English and Spanish and taught by the teachers of the school. A pre- and post-test was administered.

RESULTS: 70 Students partook in the pre-test with 41 of them returning for the post-test. Considering the loss of students in the post-test, nutritional knowledge was found to be improved by 48%.

CONCLUSIONS: Implementing a standard nutrition curriculum in school systems increases the knowledge base of students regarding nutrition. Both clinical and statistical significance were found. Sustainability of this project includes reaching out to the Ministry of Health country-wide implementation.