Flammability classification and fire hazard determination of selected apparel fabrics

Ten fabrics were evaluated on the Mushroom Apparel Flammability Tester (MAFT) according to procedures specified in the draft proposed standard. The sample included top and bottom fiber weight fabrics having each of the following contents: acrylic, nylon 66, triacetate, rayon, and wool. The fabrics were tested of on a pass/fail basis in terms end use as shirts/blouses and pants/slacks.

A 5 X 2 analysis of variance was used to evaluate of the effects of the two independent variables on each the six dependent variables, All fabrics passed the MAFT test as defined in the standard. The 10 fabrics did not fall into the same classes as described in the draft proposed standard. The effect of fabric weight was observed as an increase in the values for maximum heat transfer rate, time to reach maximum heat transfer rate, total heat transfer, and total burn time, with increasing fabric weight.

In relation to potential burn hazard, the safest of the fabrics tested appear to be both weights of nylon 66 and the bottom weight of rayon, Both weights of wool would be relatively one-third safe' for use in apparel; only of the total heat transfer occurred during the first 30 seconds of burning. Both weights of triacetate, both be weights of acrylic, and the top weight of rayon would most hazardous in a clothing fire, The high heat transfer the rate produced in a short period of time would allow wearer too little time to react to the fire situation.