The Separation of Carboxylic Acids by Fractional Distribution

The quantitative separation of substances by fractionally distributing them between two liquids phases has only recently become of interest; previously the method has been used for the identification of substances. This investigation was undertaken to determine if fractional distribution by a column of adsorbent material on which one of the liquid phases is immobilized and through which the other liquid phase perfuses is a method suitable for large scale development.

Partial separation of the similar substances succinic acid and fumaric acid was obtained without using what was considered an excessive quantity of solvent or requiring an inordinate length of time; however, the separation was shown to be improved by increasing the time for flow through the column. Much more complete separation was obtained using columns in series.

Silica in either of two forms was found to be superior to all other of the seven adsorbents tested.

Agreement between theory and experiment was found adequate to indicate that column action may be calculated from the physical properties of the column.

The methods of column separation are believed applicable in the field of fine chemicals.